Propargyl Alcohol

Propargyl Alcohol (CAS: 107-19-7) Supplier in South Africa

Propargyl alcohol, known by the chemical formula C3H4O, is an organic compound that plays a critical role in various chemical reactions and industrial applications. As the simplest stable alcohol comprising an alkyne functional group,

Chemical Structure

Propargyl alcohol, with the molecular formula C₃H₄O, is characterized by the presence of an alkyne functional group within its structure. This organic compound is also known by its IUPAC name, 2-propyn-1-ol.

At its core, the molecule consists of a three-carbon chain. The alkyne functional group is represented by a triple bond between the first and second carbons. The chemical structure can be further detailed as follows:

• Carbon 1 (C1): Attached to a hydroxyl group (-OH), classifying the compound as an alcohol.
• Carbon 2 (C2): Involved in a triple bond with C1 (sp hybridization).
• Carbon 3 (C3): A terminal methyl group, making it the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne.

Molecular Weight: 56.063 Da

The structural breakdown of propargyl alcohol is:

• Hydroxyl group (-OH): At the terminal end (C1).
• Alkyne group (C≡C): Between C1 and C2, contributes to the reactivity of the compound.

The alkyne group lends the molecule unique reactivity that makes it suitable for various synthetic applications. Propargyl alcohol is often exploited in organic synthesis due to the activity of the alkyne group, allowing it to participate in a range of chemical reactions.

In summary, propargyl alcohol presents a distinctive structure, combining the features of an alcohol with an alkyne, a duality that underpins its utility in various chemical processes.

Physical Properties

Propargyl alcohol, with the chemical formula C3H4O, presents as a colorless liquid at room temperature. Its molecular weight is 56.07 g/mol, and the substance possesses a distinctive geranium-like odor.

The boiling point of propargyl alcohol is documented at 236.5°F (113.6°C), making it relatively volatile. The flash point—the temperature at which the substance gives off enough vapor to ignite in the air—is recorded at 97°F (36.1°C).

Here are key physical properties of propargyl alcohol:

• Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
• Odor: Geranium-like
• Boiling Point: 236.5°F (113.6°C)
• Flash Point: 97°F (36.1°C)

Propargyl alcohol is known for its miscibility with water and many polar organic solvents due to its functional alkyne group. The liquid’s vapor density is greater than air, which implies that its vapors could accumulate at the ground level, potentially creating an inhalation hazard.

Safety considerations are paramount when handling propargyl alcohol due to its flammability. It should be stored and used in well-ventilated areas away from sources of ignition.

Regarding its industrial applications, propargyl alcohol serves as a precursor to several chemicals and also functions effectively as a corrosion inhibitor and soil fumigant.

Property	Value
Molecular Weight	56.07 g/mol
Boiling Point	236.5°F (113.6°C)
Flash Point	97°F (36.1°C)
Solubility	Miscible with water and polar organic solvents
Odor	Geranium-like

Chemical Properties

Propargyl alcohol, with the chemical formula C₃H₄O, is a colorless liquid that possesses a distinctive, geranium-like odor. It is known for its ability to mix well with water and many polar organic solvents due to its polar nature. This alcohol has a flash point of 97 °F, indicating that it can vaporize into a flammable mixture at relatively low temperatures.

The substance is identified by its CAS Registry Number: 107-19-7. Propargyl alcohol has a molecular weight of 56.06 g/mol, and its structure includes a terminal alkyne group, which is a carbon-carbon triple bond, making it a reactive molecule in various chemical reactions.

In terms of reactivity, Propargyl alcohol is notable for its tendency to polymerize upon heating or when treated with base. This characteristic is harnessed in industrial applications where it acts as a precursor to more complex polymers. The alcohol is sensitive to air and light, which can initiate polymerization as well.

Here’s a summary of key properties:

• Molecular Formula: C₃H₄O
• Average Mass: 56.06 Da
• Flash Point: 97 °F
• Solubility: Miscible with water and polar organic solvents
• Reactivity: Polymerizes with heat or base treatment

Safety-wise, Propargyl alcohol’s vapors are heavier than air and can form flammable mixtures, prompting caution during handling to prevent ignition.

Applications

Propargyl alcohol is a versatile chemical with a range of applications in various industries. Its unique reactivity is utilized for creating complex molecules, enhancing polymers, and various industrial processes.

Pharmaceutical Synthesis

In pharmaceutical synthesis, propargyl alcohol serves as an intermediate in the formation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It is commonly used to introduce alkyne functional groups into larger molecules, facilitating the creation of medications that require a triple-bond structure for efficacy.

Polymer Production

Polymer production benefits greatly from propargyl alcohol as a monomer. When exposed to heat or base, it polymerizes, forming polymers with desirable properties. It acts as a corrosion inhibitor and stabilizes solvents, making it especially valuable in producing coatings and adhesives.

Industrial Synthesis

Propargyl alcohol is instrumental in industrial synthesis. It functions as an electroplating brightener additive and is frequently used for synthesizing metal complex solutions. These applications harness its reactivity to improve the brightness and adherence of plating on metal surfaces.